The Scottish press publishes various newspapers in the city such as The Evening Times , The Herald, The Sunday Herald, the Sunday Mail and the Daily Record. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians. [205] The massive demand at that time outstripped the pace of new building, and many originally fine tenements often became overcrowded and unsanitary. Rutherglen and Cambuslang transferred to South Lanarkshire. Glasgow has a professional rugby union club, the Glasgow Warriors, which plays in the European Rugby Champions Cup and Pro14 alongside teams from Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Italy and South Africa. Please select which sections you would like to print: Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [24] By the late 18th century more than half of the British tobacco trade was concentrated on the River Clyde, with over 47,000,000lb (21,000t) of tobacco being imported each year at its peak. The Scottish Football Association, the national governing body, and the Scottish Football Museum are based in Glasgow, as are the Scottish Professional Football League, Scottish Junior Football Association and Scottish Amateur Football Association. As a result, Glasgow has an impressive heritage of Victorian architecture: the Glasgow City Chambers; the main building of the University of Glasgow, designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott; and the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, designed by Sir John W. Simpson, are notable examples. There are also a large number of smaller venues and bars, which host many local and touring musicians, including Stereo, 13th Note and Nice N Sleazy. This reflects maritime skills over many decades and the training and education of deck officers and marine engineers from around the world at the City of Glasgow College, Nautical Campus, from which graduate around one third of all such graduates in the United Kingdom. [29], The 20th century witnessed both decline and renewal in the city. [47] Additional supplies were provided by Loch Arklet in 1902, by impounding the water and creating a tunnel to allow water to flow into Loch Katrine. There are three international airports within 45 minutes travel of the city centre, as well as a centrally located seaplane terminal. ", "First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries. [190] This growth and its high use of recruitment agencies to hire graduates as temporary workers has led to accusations of exploitative practices such as long hours, poor pay and lack of job security by the TUC and other union bodies.[191]. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians. Follow this trail to admire these urban artworks which have enlivened walls and corners of the city centre. The city has not had a Conservative MP since the 1982 Hillhead by-election, when the SDP took the seat, which was in Glasgow's most affluent area. [224], The world's first international football match was held in 1872 at the West of Scotland Cricket Club's Hamilton Crescent ground in the Partick area of the city. The Mars rover Curiosity, which landed on the planet in August 2012, has drilled at the site. [136], A huge part of the economic life of Glasgow was once located in Springburn, where the Saracen Foundry, engineering works of firms like Charles Tennant and locomotive workshops employed many Glaswegians. Parks. It is home to the Glasgow Barrowland market, popularly known as "The Barras",[123] Barrowland Ballroom, Glasgow Green, and Celtic Park, home of Celtic FC. [184] Glasgow is now the second most popular foreign tourist destination in Scotland (fifth in the UK)[185] and offers Scotland's largest retail centre. Hilton have a corporate office based in the area. Shopping The name is also increasingly being used to refer to any area to the west of Charing Cross. $80. The one-off grant is available to parents and carers in Glasgow with children at home and who receive council tax reductions. See standout creations by acclaimed street artists like Ali Wyllie, Art Pistol and Ejek, including the Spaceman on New Wynd by Wyllie and Recoat, alongside the stunningly WebGlasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland, and tenth largest by tonnage in Britain. [73], In the 2015 general election, the six Scottish constituencies with the lowest turnout were all in Glasgow;[74] turnout further decreased in the 2017 election, when five of the city's seven seats reported a lowered turnout.[75]. [citation needed] Since 2000, the UK government has pursued a policy of dispersal of asylum seekers to ease pressure on social housing in the London area. Let Glasgow Flourish by the preaching of Your word, and the praising of Your name. The name Glasgow is Brittonic in origin. Glasgows economy in the 21st century includes traditional heavy engineering, advanced engineering and manufacturing, aerospace technology and development (notably the production of satellites), information and communication technology, software engineering, and renewable energy and low-carbon innovations. The principal bus operators within the city are: First Glasgow, McGill's Bus Services, Stagecoach West Scotland and Glasgow Citybus. "The City That Disappeared: Glasgow's Demolished Architecture" (1981), Worsdall, Frank. Two of Glasgow's rowing clubs separately claim that it was their members who were among the founders of Rangers Football Club. Spend your day exploring a wide range of fascinating free museums and galleries, enjoying the UKs best shopping outside of London, and taking advantage of tips from friendly local people on the citys hidden gems then choose from 130+ weekly musical events for a special night out. Generally the weather pattern is quite unsettled and erratic during these months, with only occasional heatwaves. Even then, the December high was above freezing at 1.6C (34.9F) with the low of 4.4C (24.1F). Many of the city's most impressive buildings were built with red or blond sandstone, but during the industrial era those colours disappeared under a pervasive black layer of soot and pollutants from the furnaces, until the Clean Air Act was introduced in 1956. How Glasgow voted in Scotland's independence referendum results map and charts, EU referendum: Glasgow votes Remain by two to one, Voter Turnout by constituency, 2015 General Election, 'Poor weather' and 'spike' in number of elections cause voter turnout in Glasgow to decrease, "Glasgow named as Britain's rainiest city", "Britain's rainiest cities revealed and it's good news for Londoners", United Kingdom: Countries and Major Urban Areas, "Mid-2005 Population Estimates Scotland Table 9 Land area and population density, by administrative area: 30June2005", "Review of Scotland's Cities Transport within the City and the City-Region", "News: Census 2011: Population estimates for Scotland", "2011 census results: how many people live in your local authority? Moving northward up High Street towards Rottenrow and Townhead lies the 15th century Glasgow Cathedral and the Provand's Lordship. From the 18th century onwards, the city also grew as one of Britain's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies. [227], Hampden Park, which is Scotland's national football stadium, holds the European record for attendance at a football match: 149,547[228] saw Scotland beat England 31 in 1937, in the days before leading British stadia became all-seated. Glasgow (UK: /lzo, lz-, ls-, ls-/ GLA(H)Z-goh, GLA(H)SS-; Scots: Glesca [lesk] or Glesga [lez]; Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu [klasxu]) is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe. It is also home to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, one of the largest hospitals in the country, and the maintenance depot for the Glasgow Subway system. Burghs of Govan, Partick, Pollokshaws. $80. Today part of the Glasgow Works continues in use as a railway maintenance facility, all that is left of the industry in Springburn. [66][67], Since the 2019 general election, Glasgow has been represented by 7 Scottish National Party MPs; the Glasgow North East constituency, was regained by Anne McLaughlin of the Scottish National Party, resulting in the same clean sweep like 4 years previously. The city is also home to some 8,406 (1.42%) Poles. The policy of tenement demolition is now considered to have been short-sighted, wasteful and largely unsuccessful. Over 985,200 people live in the Greater Glasgow contiguous urban area, while the wider Glasgow City Region is home to over 1,800,000 people, equating to around 33% of Scotland's population. The University of Strathclyde was founded in 1796 as Andersons Institution and obtained university status in 1964. [92], Since the United Kingdom Census 2001 the population decline has been reversed. Join online now WebSee Tripadvisor's Glasgow, Scotland hotel deals and special prices on 30+ hotels all in one spot. There are many areas containing a high concentration of sandstone tenements like Shawlands, which is considered the "Heart of the Southside", with other examples being Battlefield, Govanhill and Mount Florida. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [104] The collection of shops around these streets accumulate to become known as "The Style Mile". "The Victorian City: Selection of Glasgow's Architecture" (1988), This page was last edited on 5 January 2023, at 22:10. [58], In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the German Revolution of 191819, the city's frequent strikes and militant organisations caused serious alarm at Westminster, with one uprising in January 1919 prompting the Liberal Prime Minister, David Lloyd George, to deploy 10,000 soldiers and tanks on the city's streets. Glasgow was established in the late 1800s as a railroad town. During the mid-20th century high-rise redevelopment schemes replaced Glasgows notorious slum tenement areas (particularly the Gorbals). The city also held a series of International Exhibitions at Kelvingrove Park, in 1888, 1901 and 1911, with Britain's last major International Exhibition, the Empire Exhibition, being subsequently held in 1938 at Bellahouston Park, which drew 13 million visitors. Pollok Country Park. The Ministry of Defence have several departments and Clydeport, the Glasgow Stock Exchange, Student Loans Company, Scottish Executive Enterprise, Transport and Lifelong Learning Department, BT Group, Scottish Friendly. North Glasgow extends out from the north of the city centre towards the affluent suburbs of Bearsden, Milngavie and Bishopbriggs in East Dunbartonshire and Clydebank in West Dunbartonshire. While in Glasgow, visit the Valley County Pioneer Museum showcasing fossils, Indian artifacts, railroad, early business, aviation and wildlife collections. The match, between Scotland and England finished 00. The university itself is the fourth oldest in the English-speaking world. [165], Glasgow Central Mosque in the Gorbals district is the largest mosque in Scotland and, along with twelve other mosques in the city, caters for the city's Muslim population, estimated to number 33,000. [151] More recent[when?] The south side also includes some post-war housing estates of various sizes such as Toryglen, Pollok, Castlemilk and Arden. It is often said that the name means "dear green place" or that "dear green place" is a translation from Gaelic Glas Caomh. Information for international students Explore our global connections: Glasgow International Information for EU students and applicants Erasmus Mundus joint master degrees Scholarships and funding The vast majority of the central city area as seen today dates from the 19th century. Many roads lead to Fort Peck Lake through the Charles M. Russell [40] The Mercer report was specifically looking at Quality of Living, yet by 2011 within Glasgow, certain areas were (still) "failing to meet the Scottish Air Quality Objective levels for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10)". The former docklands site at Pacific Quay on the south bank of the River Clyde, opposite the SECC, is the site of the Glasgow Science Centre and the headquarters of BBC Scotland and STV Group (owner of STV), in a new purpose built digital media campus. The development of civic institutions included the City of Glasgow Police in 1800, one of the first municipal police forces in the world. The city of Glasgow was appointed a UNESCO City of Music on 20 August 2008 as part of the Creative Cities Network. The area has supported a growth in art galleries, the origins of which can be found in the late 1980s when it attracted artist-led organisations that could afford the cheap rents required to operate in vacant manufacturing or retail spaces. Pollok Country Park. The warmest month is usually July, with average highs above 20C (68F). [34] However, it is the industrial heritage that serves as key tourism enabler. The MOBO Awards were held at the SECC on 30 September 2009, making Glasgow the first out-of-London city to host the event since its launch in 1995. After extensive river engineering projects to dredge and deepen the River Clyde as far as Glasgow, shipbuilding became a major industry on the upper stretches of the river, pioneered by industrialists such as Robert Napier, John Elder, George Thomson, Sir William Pearce and Sir Alfred Yarrow. After the 1960s, clearances of poverty-stricken inner city areas like the Gorbals and relocation to "new towns" such as East Kilbride and Cumbernauld led to population decline. Information for international students Explore our global connections: Glasgow International Information for EU students and applicants Erasmus Mundus joint master degrees Scholarships and funding [167], In 1993, the St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art opened in Glasgow. [242], The Arlington Baths Club was founded in 1870. [38] Although marginally behind the UK average, Glasgow still has a higher employment rate than Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester. The Baptist Church and Salvation Army are well represented. (2001) council area, 577,869; urban area, 935,760; (2011) council area, 593,245; urban area, 957,620. [89], In the 1960s and 1970s, many Asians also settled in Glasgow, mainly in the Pollokshields area. The world's tallest cinema, the eighteen-screen Cineworld, is situated on Renfrew Street. The construction of Charlotte Street was financed by David Dale, whose former scale can be gauged by the one remaining house, now run by the National Trust for Scotland. Glasgow was established in the late 1800s as a railroad town. The wider Govan area includes the districts of Ibrox, Cessnock, Kinning Park and Kingston. Cotton manufacture, which was well suited to Glasgows damp climate, succeeded the trade in tobacco. [194] Both railway and subway stations have a number of park and ride facilities. For some thirteen years Kentigern laboured in the region, building his church at the Molendinar Burn where Glasgow Cathedral now stands, and making many converts. Further along Charlotte Street there stands a modern Gillespie, Kidd & Coia building of some note. Two airports are dedicated to Glasgow, and Edinburgh International airport, situated on the west side of Edinburgh, is not far from Glasgow. In 1745, however, Glasgow was almost ruined by the levies imposed by the army of the insurgent Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender, which occupied the city. The downtown area has several major shopping centres and arcades fully stocked with global brands as well as more local offerings. [244], Glasgow hosts Scotland's only professional basketball team, the Caledonia Gladiators, who compete in the British Basketball League. Follow this walking trail, or use its interactive map to find your favourite murals. A huge demonstration in the city's George Square on 31 January ended in violence after the Riot Act was read. Glasgow is known for its tenements; the red and blond sandstone buildings are some of the most recognisable features of the city. WebAs Scotlands largest city, Glasgow is famed for its culture, shopping and people. WebGlasgow is where Scotland shops; the city packs out at weekends when highlanders, islanders, Edinburghers and more come in to cruise the malls. There are two late 18th century tenements in Gallowgate. [178], Glasgow has the largest economy in Scotland[8] and is at the hub of the metropolitan area of West Central Scotland. The prosperity of Glasgows shipbuilding and heavy industry was badly shaken after World War I, and its industry has since tended toward greater variety. The coat of arms of the City of Glasgow was granted to the royal burgh by the Lord Lyon on 25 October 1866. A large community developed around him and became known as Glasgu. The East End was once a major industrial centre, home to Sir William Arrol & Co., James Templeton & Co and William Beardmore and Company. On older maps Glasgow is shown within the area of the pre-1975 county of Lanarkshire; from 1975 to 1996 it appears within Strathclyde Region; more recent maps generally show Glasgow as one of 32 Council Areas in Scotland. The M74 runs directly south towards Carlisle. Shopping In the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, the boundaries of the Glasgow region were redrawn.[63]. In the 1881 UK Census, 83% of the population was born in Scotland, 13% in Ireland, 3% in England and 1% elsewhere. It was an administratively independent Police Burgh from 1864 until it was incorporated into the expanding city of Glasgow in 1912. Previously based in Renfrewshire's Braehead Arena and the 1,200-seat Kelvin Hall, the team has been based at the Emirates Arena since the 2012/13 season. [20], Following the European Protestant Reformation and with the encouragement of the Convention of Royal Burghs, the 14 incorporated trade crafts federated as the Trades House in 1605 to match the power and influence in the town council of the earlier Merchants' Guilds who established their Merchants House in the same year. A second company was formed in 1812, and the two merged in 1838, but there was some dissatisfaction with the quality of the water supplied. 06:42, 17 JAN 2023. [3], Glasgow's population influx in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was related to economic expansion as well as internally generated growth with the vast majority of newcomers to the city from outside Scotland being from Ireland, especially the north western counties of Donegal, Fermanagh, Tyrone and Londonderry. [202] The Hyndland area of Glasgow became the first tenement conservation area in the UK[203] and includes some tenement houses with as many as six bedrooms. During early autumn there can be some settled periods of weather and it can feel pleasant with mild temperatures and some sunny days. WebApex City of Glasgow Hotel. Families are being urged to apply for the grant. (1,022 reviews) Festivals include the Glasgow International Comedy Festival, Glasgow International Festival of Visual Art, Glasgow International Jazz Festival, Celtic Connections, Glasgow Fair, Glasgow Film Festival, West End Festival, Merchant City Festival, Glasgay, and the World Pipe Band Championships. The Subway is the United Kingdom's only completely underground metro system and is generally recognised as the world's third oldest underground railway after the London Underground and the Budapest Metro. WebAs Scotlands largest city, Glasgow is famed for its culture, shopping and people. Our guests praise the helpful staff and the overall 4.6/5 Wonderful! 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